{"id":3988,"date":"2012-06-26T05:27:08","date_gmt":"2012-06-26T05:27:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/?p=3988"},"modified":"2012-06-26T05:27:08","modified_gmt":"2012-06-26T05:27:08","slug":"anayasa-mahkemesi-karari-e-2011128-5510-sayili-kanun-hk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/2012\/06\/anayasa-mahkemesi-karari-e-2011128-5510-sayili-kanun-hk\/","title":{"rendered":"Anayasa Mahkemesi Karar\u0131 E.2011\/128 (5510 Say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun Hk.)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>…bina in\u015faat\u0131nda meydana gelen i\u015f kazas\u0131 nedeniyle…<\/span><\/p>\n

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26 Haziran 2012 Tarihli Resmi Gazete<\/span><\/p>\n

Say\u0131: 28335<\/span><\/p>\n

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Anayasa Mahkemesi Ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Esas <\/span>Say\u0131s\u0131<\/span>: 2011<\/span>\/128<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Karar <\/span>Say\u0131s\u0131 : 2012<\/span>\/40<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Karar <\/span>G\u00fcn\u00fc : 15<\/span>.3.2012<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0130T\u0130RAZ YOLUNA <\/span>BA\u015eVURAN : <\/span>Diyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/strong> 2. \u0130\u015f Mahkemesi<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0130T\u0130RAZIN <\/span>KONUSU : <\/span>31<\/span><\/strong>.5.2006 g\u00fcnl\u00fc, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu<\/span><\/a>\u2019nun 21. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 10. maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sav\u0131yla iptali istemidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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I- OLAY<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Diyarbak\u0131r ilinde bulunan bina in\u015faat\u0131nda <\/span>meydana gelen i\u015f kazas\u0131 nedeniyle Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumunca hak sahiplerine ba\u011flanan gelir, \u00f6denen ge\u00e7ici i\u015f g\u00f6remezlik \u00f6dene\u011fi ve yap\u0131lan hastane masraflar\u0131 sonucunda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan Kurum zarar\u0131 i\u00e7in daval\u0131lar aleyhine a\u00e7\u0131lan <\/span>r\u00fccuen<\/span> tazminat davas\u0131nda, itiraz konusu kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131n\u0131 ciddi bulan Mahkeme, iptal i\u00e7in ba\u015fvurmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

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II- \u0130T\u0130RAZIN GEREK\u00c7ES\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131n\u0131n gerek\u00e7e b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201c\u0130ptali istenen 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 21. maddesi 4. f\u0131kras\u0131 \u201c\u0130\u015f kazas\u0131 meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hastal\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015finin kusuru nedeni ile meydana gelmi\u015fse sigortal\u0131ya ve hak sahiplerine ba\u011flanan veya ilerde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6demeler ile ba\u011flanan gelirin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011ferinin yar\u0131s\u0131 zarara sebep olan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere ve \u015fayet kusuru var ise bunlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ranlara <\/span>r\u00fccu<\/span> edilir.\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 21. maddesi 4. f\u0131kras\u0131 h\u00fckm\u00fc a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sebeplerle mahkememizce Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131<\/span> g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr:<\/span><\/p>\n

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Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 10. maddesi 1. f\u0131kras\u0131 \u201cHerkes, dil, \u0131rk, cinsiyet, siyasi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, felsefi inan\u00e7, din, mezhep ve benzeri sebeplerle ayr\u0131m g\u00f6zetilmeksizin kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fittir.\u201d; 4. f\u0131kras\u0131 \u201cDevlet organlar\u0131 ve idare makamlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn i\u015flemlerinde Kanun \u00f6n\u00fcnde e\u015fitlik ilkesine uygun olarak hareket etmek zorundad\u0131rlar\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc i\u00e7ermektedir. 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Yasan\u0131n 21. maddesi 4. f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin sorumlulu\u011fu d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f kusurlar\u0131 olmas\u0131 durumunda meydana gelen zarar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 oranda <\/span>r\u00fccu<\/span> edilece\u011fi belirtilmi\u015f ancak maddede kusur oran\u0131n\u0131n miktar\u0131 hususunda bir d\u00fczenlemeye yer verilmemi\u015ftir. Dolays\u0131yla kusuru \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck miktarda olan ve zarara sebebiyet veren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiyle kusuru y\u00fcksek olan ve zarara sebebiyet veren \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi ayn\u0131 miktarda zarardan sorumlu tutulmu\u015ftur. Bu nedenle bu d\u00fczenleme mahkememizce Anayasan\u0131n 10. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen e\u015fitlik ilkesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olup, davac\u0131 vekilinin Anayasaya ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k iddias\u0131 Mahkememizce ciddi g\u00f6r\u00fclmekle bu hususta karar verilmek \u00fczere dosya \u00f6rne\u011finin Anayasa Mahkemesine g\u00f6nderilmesine <\/span>03\/06\/2011<\/span> tarihli ara karar\u0131 gere\u011fince karar verilmi\u015ftir.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

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III- YASA MET\u0130NLER\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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A- \u0130tiraz Konusu Yasa Kural\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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31.5.2006 g\u00fcnl\u00fc, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun <\/span>iptali istenilen<\/span> f\u0131kray\u0131 da i\u00e7eren 21. maddesi \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u201c\u0130\u015f Kazas\u0131 ve Meslek Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130le Hastal\u0131k Bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u0130\u015fverenin ve \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Ki\u015filerin Sorumlulu\u011fu<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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Madde 21-<\/span><\/em> \u0130\u015f kazas\u0131 ve meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131, i\u015fverenin kast\u0131 veya sigortal\u0131lar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruma ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi mevzuat\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 bir hareketi sonucu meydana gelmi\u015fse, Kurumca sigortal\u0131ya veya hak sahiplerine bu Kanun gere\u011fince yap\u0131lan veya ileride yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6demeler ile ba\u011flanan gelirin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011feri toplam\u0131, sigortal\u0131 veya hak sahiplerinin i\u015fverenden isteyebilecekleri tutarlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmak \u00fczere, Kurumca i\u015fverene \u00f6dettirilir. <\/span><\/em>\u0130\u015fverenin sorumlulu\u011funun tespitinde ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmazl\u0131k ilkesi dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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\u0130\u015f kazas\u0131n\u0131n, 13 \u00fcnc\u00fc maddenin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (a) bendinde belirtilen s\u00fcrede i\u015fveren taraf\u0131ndan Kuruma bildirilmemesi halinde, bildirim tarihine kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre i\u00e7in sigortal\u0131ya \u00f6denecek ge\u00e7ici i\u015f g\u00f6remezlik \u00f6dene\u011fi, Kurumca i\u015fverenden tahsil edilir.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma mevzuat\u0131nda sa\u011fl\u0131k raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilen i\u015flerde, b\u00f6yle bir rapora dayan\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n veya eldeki rapora ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak b\u00fcnyece elveri\u015fli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan sigortal\u0131n\u0131n, bu i\u015fe girmeden \u00f6nce var oldu\u011fu tespit edilen veya b\u00fcnyece elveri\u015fli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu meydana gelen hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle, Kurumca sigortal\u0131ya \u00f6denen ge\u00e7ici i\u015f g\u00f6remezlik \u00f6dene\u011fi i\u015fverene \u00f6dettirilir.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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\u0130\u015f kazas\u0131, meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hastal\u0131k, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015finin kusuru nedeniyle meydana gelmi\u015fse, sigortal\u0131ya ve hak sahiplerine yap\u0131lan veya ileride yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6demeler ile ba\u011flanan gelirin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011ferinin yar\u0131s\u0131, zarara sebep olan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filere ve \u015fayet kusuru varsa bunlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ranlara <\/span>r\u00fcc\u00fb<\/span> edilir.<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0130\u015f kazas\u0131, meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hastal\u0131k; kamu g\u00f6revlileri, er ve erba\u015flar ile kamu idareleri taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6revlendirilen di\u011fer ki\u015filerin vazifelerinin gere\u011fi olarak yapt\u0131klar\u0131 fiiller sonucu meydana gelmi\u015f ise, bu fiillerden dolay\u0131 haklar\u0131nda kesinle\u015fmi\u015f mahk\u00fbmiyet karar\u0131 bulunanlar hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere, sigortal\u0131 veya hak sahiplerine yap\u0131lan \u00f6demeler veya ba\u011flanan gelirler i\u00e7in kurumuna veya ilgililere <\/span>r\u00fcc\u00fb<\/span> edilmez. <\/span><\/em>Ayr\u0131ca, i\u015f kazas\u0131 veya meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sonucu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerde, bu Kanun uyar\u0131nca hak sahiplerine ba\u011flanacak gelir ve verilecek \u00f6denekler i\u00e7in, i\u015f kazas\u0131 veya meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n meydana gelmesinde kusuru bulunan hak sahiplerine veya i\u015f kazas\u0131 sonucu \u00f6len kusurlu sigortal\u0131n\u0131n hak sahiplerine, Kurumca <\/span>r\u00fcc\u00fb<\/span> edilmez.\u201d<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

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B- Dayan\u0131lan ve<\/span><\/strong> \u0130lgili G\u00f6r\u00fclen Anayasa Kurallar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131nda Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 10. maddesine dayan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f<\/span>; <\/span>2<\/span>.,<\/span> 49. ve 60. maddeleri <\/span>ile ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

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IV- \u0130LK \u0130NCELEME<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Anayasa Mahkemesi \u0130\u00e7t\u00fcz\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn 8. maddesi<\/span> uyar\u0131nca, <\/span>Serruh<\/span> KALEL\u0130, Alparslan ALTAN, Fulya KANTARCIO\u011eLU, Ahmet AKYAL\u00c7IN, Mehmet ERTEN, Serdar \u00d6ZG\u00dcLD\u00dcR, Osman <\/span>Alifeyyaz<\/span> PAKS\u00dcT, Zehra Ayla PERKTA\u015e, Recep K\u00d6M\u00dcRC\u00dc, Burhan \u00dcST\u00dcN, Engin YILDIRIM, Nuri NEC\u0130PO\u011eLU, <\/span>Hicabi<\/span> DURSUN, Celal M\u00fcmtaz AKINCI, Erdal <\/span>TERCAN\u2019\u0131n<\/span> kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131yla 8.12.2011 g\u00fcn\u00fc yap\u0131lan ilk inceleme toplant\u0131s\u0131nda, dosyada eksiklik bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan i\u015fin esas\u0131n\u0131n incelenmesine oybirli\u011fiyle karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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V- ESASIN \u0130NCELENMES\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131 ve ekleri, i\u015fin esas\u0131na ili\u015fkin rapor, itiraz konusu yasa kural\u0131, dayan\u0131lan ve ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fclen Anayasa kurallar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n gerek\u00e7eleri ile di\u011fer yasama belgeleri okunup incelendikten sonra gere\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcl\u00fcp d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc:<\/span><\/p>\n

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1- Kural\u0131n Anlam ve Kapsam\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun 21. maddenin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda yer alan \u201c\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fi\u201d terimi; kazaya, hastal\u0131\u011fa veya meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na u\u011frayan sigortal\u0131 ile bunun i\u015fvereni d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan t\u00fcm ki\u015fileri ifade etmektedir. \u0130tiraz konusu kurala g\u00f6re; \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiden <\/span>talep edilecek <\/span>r\u00fccu<\/span> tazminat\u0131 miktar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131, <\/span>sigortal\u0131ya ve hak sahiplerine yap\u0131lan veya ileride yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6demeler ile ba\u011flanan gelirin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011ferinin yar\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Bu sebeple Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumu (SGK), sigortal\u0131 veya hak sahiplerine yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6demelerin bu miktar\u0131 ge\u00e7en k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 isteyemez.<\/span><\/p>\n

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506 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar Kanunu\u2019nun m\u00fclga 26. maddesi ve 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 21. maddesinde, i\u015fveren ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin sorumlulu\u011fu kusur esas\u0131na dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 506 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un uygulamas\u0131nda SGK taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131lan <\/span>r\u00fccu<\/span> davalar\u0131nda sigortal\u0131 veya hak sahiplerine yap\u0131lan ya da ilerde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6demeler ile ba\u011flanan gelirin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki sermaye de\u011feri toplam\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fveren ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin <\/span>kusur oranlar\u0131na<\/span><\/em> isabet eden miktar\u0131n\u0131n, bu ki\u015filerden istendi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/span>\u0130\u015f kazas\u0131 ve meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle olu\u015fan zarardan birden ziyade kimsenin sorumlu olmas\u0131 halinde, <\/span>SGK\u2019n\u0131n<\/span> alaca\u011f\u0131, sorumlular\u0131n kusur oran\u0131na g\u00f6re<\/span> tevzi ve taksim<\/span><\/em>olunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Genel Kurulu\u2019nun bu konudaki en eski kararlar\u0131nda h\u00e2kimin <\/span>m\u00fcteraf\u0131k<\/span><\/em> kusuru<\/span><\/em> dikkate almakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Y\u0130BGK, 31.3.1954 T. E.1953\/17 K.1954\/10 ve Y\u0130BGK, 22.6.1966 T. E.1966\/7 K.1966\/7 say\u0131l\u0131 kararlar). Yeni tarihli Yarg\u0131tay i\u00e7tihatlar\u0131nda da <\/span>SGK\u2019n\u0131n<\/span>, sigortal\u0131 veya hak sahiplerine ba\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gelirin ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011ferinin tazmin sorumlular\u0131n\u0131n kusuruna isabet eden miktar\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilece\u011fine karar verilmi\u015ftir <\/span>(<\/span>YHGK, 1.7.2009 T. E.2009\/10-270 K.2010\/14; YHGK, 27.1.2010 T. E.2010\/10-10 K.2009\/313; <\/span>Yarg<\/span>. 10. HD<\/span>.,<\/span> 3.3.2011 T. E.2009\/11974 K.2011\/2752).<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sonu\u00e7 olarak itiraz konusu kurala g\u00f6re SGK, i\u015f kazas\u0131, meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n meydana gelmesinde \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin kusuru bulunmas\u0131 halinde, sigortal\u0131ya ve hak sahiplerine yap\u0131lan veya ileride yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00f6demeler ile ba\u011flanan gelirin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011ferinin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin kusur oran\u0131na isabet eden k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 talep edebilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2- Anayasa\u2019ya Ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k Sorunu<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ba\u015fvuru karar\u0131nda, <\/span>5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 21. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda i\u015f kazas\u0131 ve meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle a\u00e7\u0131lan <\/span>r\u00fccu<\/span> davalar\u0131nda, meydana gelen i\u015f kazas\u0131 veya meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin kusurlu olmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde olu\u015fan zarar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 oran\u0131nda <\/span>r\u00fccu<\/span> edilece\u011finin d\u00fczenlendi\u011fi, b\u00f6ylece \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerden kusuru \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan ile kusuru \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olan\u0131n ayn\u0131 miktarda zarardan sorumlu olaca\u011f\u0131, bu sebeple d\u00fczenlemenin Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 10. maddesine ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

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6216 say\u0131l\u0131 Anayasa Mahkemesinin Kurulu\u015fu ve Yarg\u0131lama Usulleri Hakk\u0131nda Kanun<\/span><\/a>\u2019un 43. maddesine g\u00f6re, ilgisi nedeniyle itiraz konusu kural Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2<\/span>.,<\/span> 49. ve 60. maddeleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden de incelenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin <\/span>\u201c\u2026 <\/span><\/em>demokratik<\/span><\/em>, laik ve sosyal bir hukuk Devleti<\/span><\/em>\u201d oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. maddesinde \u201c<\/span>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma, herkesin hakk\u0131 ve \u00f6devidir. Devlet, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n hayat seviyesini y\u00fckseltmek, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 ve i\u015fsizleri korumak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 desteklemek, i\u015fsizli\u011fi \u00f6nlemeye elveri\u015fli ekonomik bir ortam yaratmak ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in gerekli tedbirleri al\u0131r.<\/span><\/em>\u201d denilmi\u015f, 60. maddesinde \u201c<\/span>Herkes, sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131na sahiptir. Devlet, bu g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flayacak gerekli tedbirleri al\u0131r ve te\u015fkilat\u0131 kurar.<\/span><\/em>\u201d h\u00fckm\u00fcne yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2. maddesinde ifadesini bulan sosyal devlet, toplumdaki g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fczleri g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda koruyarak ger\u00e7ek e\u015fitli\u011fi ve toplum dengesini sa\u011flamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc devlettir. \u0130tiraz konusu kural uyar\u0131nca, <\/span>i\u015f kazas\u0131, meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya hastal\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc bir ki\u015finin kusuru nedeniyle meydana gelmi\u015fse, SGK taraf\u0131ndan ba\u011flanan gelirin ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihteki ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011ferinin yar\u0131s\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiden tahsil edilmekte, di\u011fer yar\u0131s\u0131 ise SGK \u00fczerinde kalmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece <\/span>sosyal devlet ilkesine uygun olarak, \u00e7o\u011funlukla <\/span>SGK\u2019n\u0131n<\/span> sigortal\u0131s\u0131 olup prim \u00f6deyen, kusurlu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile i\u015f kazas\u0131, meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya hastal\u0131\u011fa neden olan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmeleri ve prim \u00f6demeye devam etmeleri sa\u011flanarak, \u00fccretli olan bu ki\u015filerin alt\u0131ndan kalkamayacaklar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fclfetler alt\u0131na girmeleri \u00f6nlenmek istenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Kurumu, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 60. maddesinin t\u00fcm yurtta\u015flar yarar\u0131na Devlete y\u00fckledi\u011fi sosyal g\u00fcvenlik hakk\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama \u00f6devini, yurtta\u015flardan bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc y\u00f6n\u00fcnden yerine getirmek ve yine Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 49. maddesinin ikinci f\u0131kras\u0131ndaki Devlete \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma hayat\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar yarar\u0131na y\u00fcklenen \u00f6devlerin gereklerinden bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek \u00fczere kurulmu\u015ftur. <\/span>SGK\u2019n\u0131n<\/span> bu <\/span>i\u015flevlerini yerine getirebilmesi <\/span>ve sosyal sigorta yard\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yetersiz kalmamas\u0131 <\/span>i\u00e7in<\/span>, <\/span>5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 81. maddesinde <\/span>sigortal\u0131 ve i\u015fveren primleri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden Devlet taraf\u0131ndan desteklenmesinin usul ve esaslar\u0131na yer verilmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 21. maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda,<\/span> meydana gelen i\u015f kazas\u0131 veya meslek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131nda i\u015fverenden ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011feri toplam\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fverenin kusuruna isabet eden k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n talep edilece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015fken;<\/span> itiraz konusu 21. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015fiden <\/span>ilk pe\u015fin sermaye de\u011ferinin yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015finin kusuruna isabet eden k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n talep edilece\u011fi d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. <\/span>SGK\u2019n\u0131n<\/span>r\u00fccu<\/span> alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n hesaplanmas\u0131nda,<\/span> e<\/span>mek gelirleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan ve <\/span>SGK\u2019ya<\/span> prim \u00f6deyen \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ki\u015filerin kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facaklar\u0131 sosyal riskler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda yoksullu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015fmemeleri i\u00e7in sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fverene g\u00f6re daha hafif olarak belirlenmesi ve <\/span>SGK\u2019n\u0131n<\/span> yapaca\u011f\u0131 giderlerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Devlet taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n yukar\u0131da an\u0131lan maddeleriyle uyum i\u00e7indedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

A\u00e7\u0131klanan nedenlerle itiraz konusu kural, Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 2<\/span>.,<\/span> 49. ve 60. maddelerine <\/span>ayk\u0131r\u0131 de\u011fildir, iptal isteminin reddi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0130tiraz konusu kural\u0131n Anayasa\u2019n\u0131n 10. maddesi ile ilgisi g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

VI- SONU\u00c7<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

31.5.2006 g\u00fcnl\u00fc, 5510 say\u0131l\u0131 Sosyal Sigortalar ve Genel Sa\u011fl\u0131k Sigortas\u0131 Kanunu\u2019nun 21. maddesinin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n Anayasa\u2019ya ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve itiraz\u0131n REDD\u0130NE, 15.3.2012 g\u00fcn\u00fcnde OYB\u0130RL\u0130\u011e\u0130YLE karar verildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Ba\u015fkan<\/span><\/p>\n

Ha\u015fim KILI\u00c7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/span><\/p>\n

Serruh<\/span> KALEL\u0130<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Ba\u015fkanvekili<\/span><\/p>\n

Alparslan ALTAN<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Fulya KANTARCIO\u011eLU<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Mehmet ERTEN<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Serdar \u00d6ZG\u00dcLD\u00dcR<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Osman <\/span>Alifeyyaz<\/span> PAKS\u00dcT<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Zehra Ayla PERKTA\u015e<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Recep K\u00d6M\u00dcRC\u00dc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Burhan \u00dcST\u00dcN<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Engin YILDIRIM<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Nuri NEC\u0130PO\u011eLU<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Hicabi<\/span> DURSUN<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Celal M\u00fcmtaz AKINCI<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u00dcye<\/span><\/p>\n

Erdal TERCAN<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

…bina in\u015faat\u0131nda meydana gelen i\u015f kazas\u0131 nedeniyle…  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mevzuat-haberleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3988","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3988"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3988\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3989,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3988\/revisions\/3989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3988"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3988"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3988"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}