{"id":6514,"date":"2014-01-13T06:46:58","date_gmt":"2014-01-13T06:46:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/?p=6514"},"modified":"2014-01-13T06:46:58","modified_gmt":"2014-01-13T06:46:58","slug":"2004-york-anvers-kurallari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/2014\/01\/2004-york-anvers-kurallari\/","title":{"rendered":"2004 York Anvers Kurallar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"hazine\"<\/a>M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya payla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Kurallar, kendileriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan mevzuat ve uygulama dikkate al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n uygulanacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\n

13 Ocak 2014 Tarihli Resmi Gazete<\/span><\/p>\n

Say\u0131: 28881<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Ba\u015fbakanl\u0131k (Hazine M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131)\u2019tan:<\/span><\/p>\n

2004 YORK ANVERS KURALLARI<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

YORUM KURALI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya payla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Kurallar, kendileriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan mevzuat ve uygulama dikkate al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n uygulanacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dcst\u00fcn Kural ve numaral\u0131 Kurallarda aksi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmedik\u00e7e, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya payla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 harfli Kurallara g\u00f6re yap\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dcST\u00dcN KURAL<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Makul \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmayan fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k ve masraflar i\u00e7in, hi\u00e7bir halde payla\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

KURAL A<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Bir m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya hareketi, ancak ve yaln\u0131z ortak deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 (de\u011ferleri) kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 bir tehlikeden korumak amac\u0131 ile m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet i\u00e7in bilerek ve makul bir \u015fekilde ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc bir fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k veya harcama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2. M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k ve masraflar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki h\u00fck\u00fcmlerde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen esaslar \u00fczerinden farkl\u0131 kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 ilgililer aras\u0131nda payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL B<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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1. Ticari bir faaliyet kapsam\u0131nda olmak kayd\u0131yla, bir veya daha \u00e7ok gemi, bir veya birden fazla gemi taraf\u0131ndan, kurtarma olmaks\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7ekiliyor veya itiliyorsa, bu durumda m\u00fc\u015fterek bir deniz serg\u00fcze\u015fti vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Gemileri ve varsa y\u00fcklerini m\u00fc\u015fterek bir tehlikeden korumak amac\u0131 ile \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmas\u0131 halinde bu kurallar uygulan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2. Sadece di\u011fer bir gemi veya gemilerle olan ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n sonland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla g\u00fcvende olabilecek bir gemi, o di\u011fer gemi veya gemilerle m\u00fc\u015fterek bir tehlikeye maruz de\u011fildir; fakat ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131n sonland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 bir m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya hareketi ise, bu takdirde m\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015fti devam eder.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL C<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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1. M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya hareketinin ancak do\u011frudan do\u011fruya sonucu olan zarar ve masraflar m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2. \u00c7evreye verilen zararlarla ilgili olarak veya m\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftine kat\u0131lan mallardan s\u0131zan veya b\u0131rak\u0131lan kirletici maddeler dolay\u0131s\u0131yla u\u011fran\u0131lan zarar ve yap\u0131lan masraflar hi\u00e7bir halde m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya payla\u015fmas\u0131na kat\u0131lmayacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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3. Yolculuk s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya sonras\u0131nda meydana gelen s\u00fcrastarya, pazar kayb\u0131 veya gecikmeden do\u011fan zarar ve masraflar ile di\u011fer dolayl\u0131 kay\u0131plar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya olarak kabul edilmez.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL D<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k veya masrafa yol a\u00e7an olay deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftine kat\u0131lan taraflardan birinin kusuru sonucu do\u011fmu\u015f olsa bile, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya payla\u015fmas\u0131 yap\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak bu kural kusurlu tarafa kar\u015f\u0131 ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek talep ve savunma haklar\u0131n\u0131 veyahut kusurlu taraf\u0131n talep veya savunma haklar\u0131n\u0131 etkilemeyecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL E<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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1. M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya dolay\u0131s\u0131yla talepte bulunan taraf, payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi zarar veya masraf\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilebilece\u011fini kan\u0131tlamakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2. M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya dolay\u0131s\u0131yla talepte bulunan taraflar, payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 istedikleri zarar veya masraflar\u0131, m\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftinin son bulmas\u0131n\u0131 izleyen tarihten ba\u015flayarak 12 ay i\u00e7inde yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak dispe\u00e7\u00e7iye bildirmekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcrler.<\/span><\/p>\n

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3. Bu bildirim yap\u0131lmazsa veya bildirim yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin istemden itibaren 12 ay i\u00e7inde taraflardan biri bildirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu taleple ilgili kan\u0131tlar\u0131 yahut m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kat\u0131lan bir menfaatin de\u011ferine ili\u015fkin bilgileri sunmazsa, dispe\u00e7\u00e7i, m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kat\u0131lma pay\u0131n\u0131 veya kat\u0131lan de\u011feri kendisine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f bilgilere dayanarak belirlemekte serbesttir. Bu belirlemeye sadece a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a hatal\u0131 oldu\u011fu gerek\u00e7esiyle itiraz edilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL F<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya olarak kabul edilecek bir masraf\u0131n yerine yap\u0131lacak her ilave masraf, varsa di\u011fer ilgililerce elde edilebilecek tasarrufa bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lan m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya tutar\u0131ndan fazla olmamak \u00fczere m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya kabul edilecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL G<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

1. M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya hesapla\u015fmas\u0131, gerek zararlar gerek payla\u015fmaya kat\u0131l\u0131m bak\u0131m\u0131ndan, yolculu\u011fun son buldu\u011fu yer ve zamandaki de\u011ferler esas al\u0131narak yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

2. Bu kural, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya hesapla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yere ili\u015fkin anla\u015fmalar\u0131 kapsamaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

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3. Bir geminin bulundu\u011fu liman veya yerde, X ve XI\u2019inci kurallar uyar\u0131nca m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya yol a\u00e7acak haller mevcutken, y\u00fck\u00fcn tamam\u0131 veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131 varma yerine ba\u015fka ara\u00e7larla g\u00f6nderilirse; m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya ili\u015fkin hak ve y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fckler, y\u00fck ilgilisine olanak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnde bildirimde bulunulmu\u015f olmak ko\u015fuluyla, ba\u015fka ara\u00e7la g\u00f6nderme s\u00f6z konusu olmam\u0131\u015f ve yolculuk ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7taki gemi ile s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f gibi, navlun s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ve uygulanacak hukukun elverdi\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, ayn\u0131 kal\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

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4. Bu kural\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131 sonucunda y\u00fcke d\u00fc\u015fecek m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya pay\u0131, y\u00fck malikinin y\u00fck\u00fc masraf\u0131 kendisine ait olmak \u00fczere g\u00f6ndermesi halinde yapm\u0131\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131 masraftan fazla olamaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL I. DEN\u0130ZE Y\u00dcK ATILMASI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Yerle\u015fmi\u015f ticari team\u00fcle uygun olarak ta\u015f\u0131nmayan y\u00fck\u00fcn denize at\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL II. M\u00dc\u015eTEREK SELAMET U\u011eRUNA YAPILAN FEDAK\u00c2RLIK SONUCU DO\u011eAN ZIYA VEYA HASAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftine kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan varl\u0131klar\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek sel\u00e2meti i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k suretiyle veya bunun sonucu olarak do\u011fan ve m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet u\u011fruna y\u00fcklerin at\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131lan ambar kapaklar\u0131ndan veya ba\u015fka yerlerden giren sular\u0131n sebep oldu\u011fu z\u0131ya veya hasar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL III. GEM\u0130DE \u00c7IKAN YANGININ S\u00d6ND\u00dcR\u00dcLMES\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gemide \u00e7\u0131kan yang\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in gemi veya y\u00fcke veya bunlardan birine su ile veya yanmakta olan gemiyi karaya oturtma veya lombarlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7arak bat\u0131rmak da d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere ba\u015fka surette verilen zarar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak duman\u0131n veya yang\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sebep oldu\u011fu zararlar i\u00e7in tazminat \u00f6denmez.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL IV. KIRIK VE D\u00d6K\u00dcKLER\u0130N KES\u0130L\u0130P ATILMASI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Daha \u00f6nce, kaza sebebi ile kopmu\u015f veya fiilen de\u011ferini kaybetmi\u015f gemi k\u0131sm\u0131 veya k\u0131r\u0131k d\u00f6k\u00fcklerin kesilip at\u0131lmas\u0131 ile meydana gelen z\u0131ya veya hasar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL V. GEM\u0130N\u0130N KARAYA OTURTULMASI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gemi, m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet u\u011fruna bile bile karaya oturtulursa, sahile s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmi\u015f olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftine kat\u0131lan varl\u0131klarda bu y\u00fczden meydana gelen z\u0131ya veya hasar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL VI. KURTARMA \u00dcCRET\u0130<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

a. Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen kurtarmaya dair faiz ve ilgili avukatl\u0131k \u00fccretleri dahil olmak \u00fczere yap\u0131lan kurtarma \u00f6demeleri m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya olarak kabul edilmeyecektir.\u00a0Ancak, kurtarma taraflar\u0131ndan biri, di\u011fer taraf\u0131n \u00f6demesi gereken (m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya i\u015ftirak de\u011ferleriyle de\u011fil, kurtar\u0131lan de\u011ferler \u00fczerinden hesaplanan) kurtarma i\u015ftirak pay\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 faiz ve avukatl\u0131k \u00fccretleri d\u00e2hil olmak \u00fczere \u00f6demi\u015f ise, di\u011fer taraf\u0131n \u00f6demesi gerekli olup da \u00f6denmi\u015f olan bu kurtarma i\u015ftirak pay\u0131, payla\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda bunu \u00f6demi\u015f olan taraf hesab\u0131na alacak ve ad\u0131na \u00f6deme yap\u0131lan tarafa bor\u00e7 olarak kaydedilecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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b. (a) bendinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen kurtarma \u00f6demelerine, 1989 Milletleraras\u0131 Kurtarma S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin 13\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesinin birinci f\u0131kras\u0131n\u0131n (b) bendinde belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere kurtaranlar\u0131n \u00e7evre zarar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesi ve s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdikleri \u00e7aba ve beceri de g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak belirlenen kurtarma \u00fccreti de d\u00e2hildir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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c. Yukar\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en S\u00f6zle\u015fme\u2019nin 14\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesi gere\u011fince ve o maddenin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc bendinde belirtilen \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde veya benzer i\u00e7erikteki di\u011fer bir h\u00fckme g\u00f6re (\u00f6rne\u011fin SCOP\u0130C) gemi malikinin kurtaranlara \u00f6demesi gereken \u00f6zel tazminat, m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilmeyecek ve bu kural\u0131n (a) bendinde \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen bir kurtarma \u00f6demesi olarak dikkate al\u0131nmayacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL VII. MAK\u0130NE VE KAZANLARA VER\u0130LEN HASAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Tehlikeli durumda karaya oturmu\u015f bir geminin makine ve kazanlar\u0131ndan herhangi birine, gemiyi y\u00fczd\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in sarfedilen gayretler y\u00fcz\u00fcnden verilen hasar, y\u00fczd\u00fcrmenin ger\u00e7ekten m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet u\u011fruna veya b\u00f6yle bir hasar riskine ra\u011fmen g\u00f6ze al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak, y\u00fczmekte olan geminin kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n ve pervaneyi harekete ge\u00e7iren makinesinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131ndan do\u011fan z\u0131ya veya hasar hi\u00e7 bir \u015fekilde m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL VIII. KARAYA OTURMU\u015e GEM\u0130N\u0130N HAF\u0130FLET\u0130LMES\u0130 G\u0130DERLER\u0130 VE BUNUN SONUCU OLAN ZARARLAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Karaya oturmu\u015f bir geminin y\u00fck, yak\u0131t ve kumanyas\u0131 veya bunlardan herhangi birinin bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131yor ise, hafifletilmenin ek gideri, mavna kiras\u0131, e\u011fer yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa tekrar y\u00fckleme ve bunun sonucunda m\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftine kat\u0131lan varl\u0131klar\u0131n u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 z\u0131ya veya hasar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL IX. Y\u00dcK, GEM\u0130 MALZEMELER\u0130 VE KUMANYANIN YAKIT OLARAK KULLANILMASI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Y\u00fck, gemi malzemeleri ve kumanya veya bunlardan biri tehlike kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet i\u00e7in zaruret halinde yak\u0131t olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya kabul edilecektir. Ancak, gemi malzemesi veya kumanyan\u0131n bedeli bu \u015fekilde m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, s\u00f6z konusu yolculu\u011fun tamamlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in t\u00fcketilecek olan yak\u0131t\u0131n tahmini bedeli m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryadan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL X. BARINMA L\u0130MANINDAK\u0130 G\u0130DERLER V.B.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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a. (i) Bir gemi, kaza, fedakarl\u0131k veya ba\u015fkaca ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc haller sonucunda m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet i\u00e7in zorunlu olarak, bir bar\u0131nma liman veya yerine girer veya y\u00fckleme liman\u0131 veya yerine d\u00f6nerse, bu liman veya yere giri\u015f giderleri m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r. E\u011fer gemi, bu liman veya yerden ilk y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn tamam\u0131 veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ile hareket ederse, \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f giderleri, giri\u015f veya d\u00f6nmenin kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 say\u0131labilmek \u015fart\u0131 ile m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(ii) Gemi herhangi bir bar\u0131nma liman\u0131 veya yerinde bulunur ve bu ilk liman veya yerde tamirlerin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamas\u0131 y\u00fcz\u00fcnden zorunlu olarak ba\u015fka bir bar\u0131nma liman veya yerine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ise, bu madde h\u00fck\u00fcmleri ikinci liman veya yer i\u00e7inde bir bar\u0131nma liman\u0131 veya yeri imi\u015f gibi aynen uygulan\u0131r. Muvakkat tamir ve \u00e7ekme nedeniyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kanlar da\u00a0dahil\u00a0olmak \u00fczere, b\u00f6yle bir yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmenin giderleri m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6yle bir yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden dolay\u0131 yolculu\u011fun uzamas\u0131 halinde Kural XI h\u00fckm\u00fc uygulan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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b. (i) Y\u00fckleme, ara veya bar\u0131nma liman veya yerinde, y\u00fck, yak\u0131t veya kumanyay\u0131 bo\u015faltmak veya gemi i\u00e7inde elden ge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan giderler, bu bo\u015faltma veya elden ge\u00e7irme m\u00fc\u015fterek selamete ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan veya kaza veya fedak\u00e2rl\u0131ktan ileri gelen gemi hasarlar\u0131n\u0131n, yolculu\u011fun selametle tamamlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan tamiri y\u00f6n\u00fcnden zorunlu olmak \u015fart\u0131 ile m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak, gemideki hasar, bir y\u00fckleme veya ara liman\u0131 veya yerinde tesbit edilmi\u015f olup, bu hasar\u0131n yolculuktaki kaza veya ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u015fartlarla herhangi bir ilgisi\u00a0yoksa,\u00a0bunun tamiri i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan elden ge\u00e7irme veya bo\u015faltma giderleri m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya olarak kabul edilmeyecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(ii) Y\u00fck, yak\u0131t veya kumanyay\u0131 gemi i\u00e7inde elden ge\u00e7irmek veya bo\u015faltmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan masraflar, e\u011fer bu i\u015flemler yolculukta sadece bunlar\u0131n yerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek y\u00fcz\u00fcnden yeniden istif edilmek amac\u0131 ile yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmaz,\u00a0me\u011fer ki\u00a0yeniden istif i\u015flemi m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet i\u00e7in zorunlu olsun.<\/span><\/p>\n

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c. Y\u00fck, yak\u0131t ve kumanyan\u0131n elden ge\u00e7irme ve bo\u015faltma giderlerinin m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul olundu\u011fu her halde, bu y\u00fck, yak\u0131t ve kumanyan\u0131n makul \u015fekilde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olduk\u00e7a sigorta da dahil depo giderleri ile tekrar y\u00fckleme ve istif giderleri m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya girer. Tekrar y\u00fckleme ve istifden dolay\u0131 harcanan fazla zaman i\u00e7in Kural XI\u2019in h\u00fck\u00fcmleri uygulan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Fakat gemi\u00a0mahkum\u00a0edilir veya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolculu\u011fa devam etmez ise, depo giderleri, yaln\u0131z geminin mahkumiyeti veya yolculu\u011fun terki tarihine, mahkumiyet veya terk karar\u0131n\u0131n daha \u00f6nce olmas\u0131 halinde, y\u00fck\u00fcn bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihe kadar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL XI. GEM\u0130 ADAMLARININ \u00dcCRET VE BAKIM MASRAFLARI \u0130LE BARINMA L\u0130MANINA G\u0130RME VE BU L\u0130MANDAK\u0130 D\u0130\u011eER MASRAFLAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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a. Geminin bir bar\u0131nma liman veya yerine girmesi veya y\u00fckleme liman\u0131 veya yerine d\u00f6nmesi nedeniyle uzayan yolculukta, kaptan, zabitan ve m\u00fcrettebat\u0131n makul \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcler i\u00e7indeki \u00fccret ve bak\u0131m giderleriyle t\u00fcketilen yak\u0131t ve kumanya Kural X (a) h\u00fckm\u00fcne g\u00f6re b\u00f6yle bir veya yere girme masraflar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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b. Bu ve di\u011fer kurallar\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda, kaptan, zabitan ve gemi adamlar\u0131na veya onlar yarar\u0131na yap\u0131lan b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00f6demeler, ister gemi malikinin yasal y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerinden isterse i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinden do\u011fmu\u015f olsunlar, \u00fccret say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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c. (i) Bir gemi, kaza, fedakarl\u0131k veya di\u011fer ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc haller sonucu m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet u\u011fruna veya fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k veya kaza ile geminin u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 hasarlar\u0131n yolculu\u011fun emniyet i\u00e7inde devam\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden tamir zorunlulu\u011fu kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, herhangi bir liman veya yere girer veya orada kal\u0131rsa, bu liman veya yerde geminin yola devam\u0131 i\u00e7in haz\u0131r hale getirildi\u011fi veya getirilmesi gerekti\u011fi ana kadar ge\u00e7en ek durma devresinde t\u00fcketilen kumanya ve yak\u0131t m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya girmeyen tamirlerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 sebebiyle t\u00fcketilenler hari\u00e7 olmak \u00fczere, m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(ii) Geminin ek durma devresindeki liman \u00fccretleri yaln\u0131zca m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmayan tamirin yap\u0131lmas\u0131 dolay\u0131siyle olan liman \u00fccretleri hari\u00e7, m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya girer.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(iii) Gemideki hasar, bir y\u00fckleme veya ara liman\u0131 veya yerinde tesbit edilmi\u015f olup da, bunun yolculuktaki kaza veya di\u011fer ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u015fartlarla bir ilgisi yoksa bu takdirde s\u00f6z konusu hasar\u0131n tamiri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7en ek durma devresi esnas\u0131nda t\u00fcketilen yak\u0131t, kumanya ve liman masraflar\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilmeyecektir. Hatta tamirlerin yolculu\u011fun selametle yap\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olmas\u0131 da bu sonucu de\u011fi\u015ftirmez.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(iv) Gemi mahk\u00fbm edilir veya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yolculu\u011fa devam etmezse geminin mahk\u00fbmiyeti veya yolculu\u011fun terki tarihine e\u011fer bu tarihte y\u00fck hen\u00fcz bo\u015falt\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fsa, bo\u015faltman\u0131n bitti\u011fi tarihe kadar olan yak\u0131t ve kumanya ve liman masraflar\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilemez.<\/span><\/p>\n

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d. \u00c7evre zararlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve azaltmak i\u00e7in al\u0131nan tedbirlerin masraflar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fartlar\u0131n hepsinin veya bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n mevcut olmas\u0131 halinde m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya girer.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(i) M\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftine kat\u0131lan ilgililer d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir kimse taraf\u0131ndan bu kimseyi kurtarma \u00fccretine hak kazand\u0131racak nitelikteki m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet u\u011fruna yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir hareketin masraflar\u0131,<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(ii) Kural X(a)\u2019da belirlenen \u015fartlar gere\u011fince bir liman veya yere giri\u015f veya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f masraflar\u0131,<\/span><\/p>\n

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(iii) Kural XI(c)\u2019de belirlenen s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde bir liman veya yerde kalma masraflar\u0131: Ancak kirletici maddelerin s\u0131zmas\u0131 veya b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 durumlar\u0131nda, kirlili\u011fi veya \u00e7evreye zarar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek veya azaltmak i\u00e7in gereken ek masraflar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(iv) M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lan bo\u015faltma, depolama ve tekrar y\u00fckleme i\u015flemleri ile ilgili masraflar.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL XII. BO\u015eALTMADA Y\u00dcKE GELEN ZARAR V.B.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Y\u00fck, yak\u0131t veya kumanyan\u0131n elden ge\u00e7irilmesi, bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131, depolanmas\u0131, tekrar y\u00fcklenip istiflenmesi faaliyetleri sonucunda u\u011frayacaklar\u0131 hasar veya z\u0131ya, ancak ve sadece bu faaliyetlerin masraflar\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya olarak kabul edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL XIII. TAM\u0130R TUTARLARINDAN YAPILACAK \u0130ND\u0130R\u0130MLER<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

a. M\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya giren tamirlerde, eski malzeme veya k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n yerine yenilerinin konulmas\u0131 dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, yeni ile eski aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131n indirilmesi s\u00f6z konusu olmaz, me\u011fer ki, gemi onbe\u015f ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7mi\u015f olsun. Bu takdirde ise indirim oran\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7te biridir. Yap\u0131n\u0131n tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131n Aral\u0131k ay\u0131n\u0131n otuzbirinden m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya hareketinin meydana geldi\u011fi tarihe kadar ge\u00e7en s\u00fcre, geminin ya\u015f\u0131 olarak kabul edilip indirimler ona g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlenir. Ancak yal\u0131t\u0131m donan\u0131m\u0131, kurtarma sandallar\u0131 ve benzerleri, ileti\u015fim ve gemi y\u00f6nlendirme ara\u00e7 ve gere\u00e7leri, makine ve kazanlarda indirim s\u00f6z konusu e\u015fyan\u0131n kendi ya\u015f\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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b. \u0130ndirimler yeni alet ve par\u00e7alar\u0131n monte edilir haldeki de\u011feri \u00fczerinden yap\u0131l\u0131r. Kumanya, yedek par\u00e7a, \u00e7apa ve zincirli kablolar i\u00e7in indirim yap\u0131lmaz. Havuz ve k\u0131zak \u00fccretleri ile geminin yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme giderleri tam olarak kabul olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

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c. G\u00f6vdenin temizlenmesi, boyanmas\u0131 veya kaplanmas\u0131 giderleri, boyama veya kaplama m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryan\u0131n meydana geldi\u011fi tarihten \u00f6nceki oniki ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f de\u011fil ise, m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya girmez. E\u011fer oniki ay i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ise, bu giderlerin yar\u0131s\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL XIV. GE\u00c7\u0130C\u0130 TAM\u0130RLER<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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a. Gemide, bir y\u00fckleme, ara veya bar\u0131nma liman\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015fterek selamet u\u011fruna veya m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lacak fedakarl\u0131k nedeniyle meydana gelen hasarlar muvakkat olarak tamir edilirse, bu tamir giderleri m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya olarak kabul olunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b. Kaza ile ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan hasar sonucunda yolculu\u011fu tamamlamak i\u00e7in muvakkat tamirlere giri\u015filmi\u015f ise, buna ait giderler ancak s\u00f6z konusu tamirler yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lacak ve m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya girecek giderden elde edilen tasarruf oran\u0131nda, di\u011fer ilgililerin bu y\u00fczden sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131 yararlar g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilir.Sadece bu paragraf a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, g\u00f6z\u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nan muvakkat tamir masraflar\u0131n\u0131n kapsam\u0131: y\u00fckleme emir veya bar\u0131nma liman\u0131nda yap\u0131lan muvakkat tamir masraflar\u0131na, ya sonunda yap\u0131lan daimi tamir masraflar\u0131n\u0131n ya da payla\u015fma s\u0131ras\u0131nda tamir olmam\u0131\u015fsa yolculuk sona erdi\u011finde geminin makul oranda kaybetti\u011fi de\u011fer eklenerek bulunacak toplam miktar\u0131n geminin daimi tamirinin y\u00fckleme, emir veya bar\u0131nma liman\u0131nda yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131 do\u011facak tamir masraflar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmas\u0131 halinde a\u015fan bu miktar ile s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmak \u00fczere kabul edilecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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c. M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lan muvakkat tamir masraflar\u0131ndan yeni-eski fark\u0131 indirilmez.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL XV. NAVLUN KAYBI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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Y\u00fckte, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lan veya m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya sonucu olan z\u0131ya veya hasar\u0131n neden oldu\u011fu navlun kayb\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Kaybedilmi\u015f olan br\u00fct navlundan, onun kazan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmak zorunda kal\u0131nan fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k dolay\u0131siyle yap\u0131lmaktan kurtulunan harcamalar indirilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL XVI. FEDAK\u00c2RLIK SONUCUNDA ZAY\u0130 OLAN VEYA HASARA U\u011eRAYAN Y\u00dcK \u0130\u00c7\u0130N M\u00dc\u015eTEREK AVARYAYA KABUL ED\u0130LECEK TUTAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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a. Fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k sonucunda zayi olmu\u015f veya hasarlanm\u0131\u015f bulunan y\u00fckler i\u00e7in m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilecek tutar, bu sebeple maruz kal\u0131nan zarara e\u015fittir. Bu zarar tutar\u0131, al\u0131c\u0131ya verilmi\u015f olan ticari fatura veya -b\u00f6yle bir fatura yoksa- y\u00fck\u00fcn gemiye y\u00fcklenmi\u015f haldeki de\u011feri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak belirlenen, y\u00fcke ait bo\u015faltma s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki de\u011feri esas al\u0131nmak suretiyle hesaplan\u0131r. Y\u00fck\u00fcn bo\u015faltma s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki de\u011feri, sigorta masraf\u0131n\u0131 ve rizikosu y\u00fckle ilgiliden ba\u015fka kimselere ait bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, navlunu da i\u00e7erir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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b. Fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k sonucu hasarlanm\u0131\u015f bulunan y\u00fckler sat\u0131l\u0131rsa, hasar miktar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ba\u015fka \u015fekilde anla\u015fma sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilecek zarar, y\u00fcklerin net sat\u0131\u015f bedeli ile bu Kural\u0131n ilk paragraf\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen \u015fekilde hesaplanacak olan sa\u011flam haldeki net de\u011feri aras\u0131ndaki farktan ibarettir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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KURAL XVII. PAYLA\u015eMAYA KATILAN DE\u011eERLER<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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a. (i) M\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kat\u0131lma borcu varl\u0131klar\u0131n yolculuk sonundaki ger\u00e7ek net de\u011ferleri iledir; \u015fu kadar ki, y\u00fck\u00fcn de\u011ferinin belirlenmesinde, al\u0131c\u0131ya verilen fatura veya b\u00f6yle bir fatura yoksa y\u00fckleme yeri de\u011ferine g\u00f6re belirlenecek bo\u015faltma zaman\u0131ndaki de\u011fer esas al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(ii) Y\u00fck\u00fcn de\u011ferine sigorta masraf\u0131 ve navlun da d\u00e2hil edilmelidir;\u00a0me\u011fer ki\u00a0navlunun rizikosu y\u00fck ile ilgili d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir kimseye ait olsun. Bu \u015fekilde belirlenen de\u011ferden, y\u00fck\u00fcn yolculukta veya bo\u015faltma s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki z\u0131ya veya hasarlar\u0131n\u0131n indirilmesi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(iii) Gemiye ili\u015fkin kira veya zaman \u00e7arteri s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerinin olumlu veya olumsuz etkileri, geminin de\u011feri belirlenirken dikkate al\u0131nmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b. Bu de\u011ferlere \u00f6nceden kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, feda edilen varl\u0131klar i\u00e7in kabul edilen m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya tazminat\u0131 eklenmelidir. Gemi ve y\u00fck m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya hareketi an\u0131nda tamamen z\u0131yaa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131, navluna hak kazanmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131na gerek kalmayacak olan masraflarla \u00f6denmesine gerek olmayacak gemi adamlar\u0131 \u00fccretleri tehlikedeki navlun ve yolcu ta\u015f\u0131ma \u00fccretinden indirilmelidir. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilen giderler veya 1989 Milletleraras\u0131 Kurtarma S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019nin 14\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc maddesi veya benzer konudaki di\u011fer bir h\u00fck\u00fcm gere\u011fince gemiye d\u00fc\u015fen \u00f6zel tazminat hari\u00e7 kalmak \u00fczere m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya hareketinden sonra yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan b\u00fct\u00fcn ek giderlerin gemi de\u011ferinden indirilmesi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

c. Kural G\u2019nin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen hallerde, y\u00fck ve di\u011fer varl\u0131klar as\u0131l varma liman\u0131ndaki bo\u015faltma zaman\u0131 de\u011ferlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak kat\u0131lacaklard\u0131r; me\u011fer ki, bunlar bo\u015faltma liman\u0131na varmadan \u00f6nce sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya ba\u015fka bir \u015fekilde elden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsunlar. Gemi ise, y\u00fck\u00fcn bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131 zaman\u0131ndaki ger\u00e7ek net de\u011ferine g\u00f6re kat\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Y\u00fck\u00fcn varma liman\u0131ndan \u00f6nce sat\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde ise, sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n ger\u00e7ek net tutar\u0131, kat\u0131lma de\u011feri olarak kabul edilir. Ancak varsa, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya tazminat\u0131 buna eklenmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Posta, yolcular\u0131n bagaj ve zati e\u015fyalar\u0131 ve yolcu beraberindeki \u00f6zel motorlu ara\u00e7lar m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kat\u0131lmazlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL XVIII. GEM\u0130YE GELEN ZARAR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Gemi ile makine ve\/veya tak\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 z\u0131ya veya hasara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilecek tazminat a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde belirlenir:<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

a. E\u011fer tamir yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veya yeni par\u00e7alar tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa,<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tamir bedeli, tamir ve yenilenmenin makul ger\u00e7ek giderinden Kural XIII gere\u011fince yeni-eski fark\u0131n\u0131n indirilmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan miktard\u0131r;<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b. Tamir yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f veya yeni par\u00e7alar tak\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f ise,<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tazminat miktar\u0131 tamir gereklerinin tahmini de\u011ferini a\u015fmamak \u00fczere, b\u00f6yle bir z\u0131ya veya hasar\u0131n sebep oldu\u011fu makul bir de\u011ferden d\u00fc\u015fme bedelidir. Ancak geminin ger\u00e7ek tam z\u0131ya\u0131 veya tamir bedelinin, geminin de\u011ferini a\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul\u00fc gereken miktar, geminin takdir edilen sa\u011flam durumundaki ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferinden m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmayan hasarlarla ilgili tamir giderlerinin tahmini bedeli indirildikten sonra kalan mebla\u011f ile hasarl\u0131 durumundaki de\u011feri aras\u0131ndaki farktan ibarettir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL XIX. B\u0130LD\u0130R\u0130LMEM\u0130\u015e VEYA YANLI\u015e B\u0130LD\u0130R\u0130LM\u0130\u015e Y\u00dcKLER<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

a. Gemi malikinin veya temsilcisinin haberi olmadan y\u00fcklenmi\u015f veya y\u00fckleme s\u0131ras\u0131nda kasten yanl\u0131\u015f bildirilmi\u015f y\u00fcklerin u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 z\u0131ya veya hasar m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya say\u0131lmaz; ancak bu mallar kurtar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olurlarsa denkle\u015ftirmeye kat\u0131lmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b. Y\u00fckleme esnas\u0131nda k\u0131ymeti ger\u00e7ek de\u011ferinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olarak bildirilmi\u015f y\u00fckler, bildirilen de\u011fere g\u00f6re tazminat al\u0131r, payla\u015fmaya ger\u00e7ek de\u011fer \u00fczerinden kat\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL XX. PARA AVANSLARI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

a. M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak amac\u0131yla kaynak sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in sat\u0131lan mallar\u0131n sahiplerinin bu sebeple u\u011frad\u0131klar\u0131 kay\u0131p m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b. M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n sigortalanmas\u0131 masraflar\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya kabul edilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL XXI. M\u00dc\u015eTEREK AVARYAYA G\u0130REN ZARARLAR \u0130\u00c7\u0130N FA\u0130Z<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

a. M\u00fc\u015fterek avaryada dispe\u00e7in yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 tarihinden \u00fc\u00e7 ay sonraya kadar m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryadaki harcama, fedak\u00e2rl\u0131k ve i\u015ftiraklere faiz y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcr. Garameye i\u015ftirakle ilgililerin hesaba yapm\u0131\u015f olduklar\u0131 \u00f6demeler veya m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya avans fonundan \u00e7ektikleri paralara da faiz y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

b. Uygulanacak faiz oran\u0131, her y\u0131l Comit\u00e9 Maritime International\u2019in Genel Kurulunda kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Bu oran, ertesi takvim y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7inde tahakkuk edecek faizin hesaplamas\u0131nda esas al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL XXII. DEPO ED\u0130LEN PARALARLA \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 \u0130\u015eLEMLER<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Y\u00fck\u00fcn m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya, kurtarma \u00fccreti veya \u00f6zel giderlere kat\u0131lma borcunun teminat\u0131 olarak para depozitolar\u0131 tahsil olundu\u011fu takdirde, bu paralar bekletilmeksizin biri gemi maliki di\u011feri depo edenler ad\u0131na se\u00e7ilecek birer temsilci i\u00e7in her ikisinin kabul ettikleri bankada a\u00e7\u0131lacak bir ortak \u00f6zel hesaba yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece yat\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan paralar, varsa faizleri ile birlikte, hak sahiplerinin teminat\u0131 olarak y\u00fck\u00fcn kendilerine m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya, kurtarma \u00fccreti veya \u00f6zel giderlerden dolay\u0131 yapmakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc bulundu\u011fu \u00f6demelere tahsis edilmek \u00fczere saklan\u0131r. Dispe\u00e7cinin yaz\u0131l\u0131 talebi veya izni ile mahsuben \u00f6deme yap\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi depozito iadesi de yap\u0131labilir. Depozito yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6demeler veya iade yap\u0131lmas\u0131, ilgili taraflar\u0131n nihai sorumluluklar\u0131n\u0131 etkilemez.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

KURAL XXIII. M\u00dc\u015eTEREK AVARYA PAYLA\u015eMASINDA ZAMANA\u015eIMI<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

a. Uygulanacak hukukun \u00f6ng\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zamana\u015f\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin emredici h\u00fck\u00fcmler sakl\u0131 kalmak kayd\u0131yla,<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

(i) M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya senetleri veya garantilerine ili\u015fkin olanlar\u00a0dahil\u00a0olmak \u00fczere, m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya payla\u015fmas\u0131ndan do\u011fan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc talep hakk\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek avaryaya dair dispe\u00e7in yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 tarihinden itibaren bir y\u0131l i\u00e7erisinde sona erer. Bununla beraber, bir talep hakk\u0131, m\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftinin sona ermesinden alt\u0131 y\u0131l sonra dava edilemez.<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) Bu s\u00fcreler, m\u00fc\u015fterek deniz serg\u00fcze\u015ftinin sona ermesinden sonra taraflar\u0131n anla\u015fmas\u0131yla uzat\u0131labilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

b. Bu kural, bir m\u00fc\u015fterek avarya ilgilisi ile onun sigortac\u0131s\u0131 aras\u0131nda uygulanamaz.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

YORK-ANTWERP RULES 2004<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

RULE OF INTERPRETATION<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

In the adjustment of general average the following Rules shall apply to the exclusion of any Law and Practice inconsistent therewith.<\/span><\/p>\n

Except as provided by the Rule Paramount and the numbered Rules, general average shall be adjusted according to the lettered Rules.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE PARAMOUNT<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

In no case shall there be any allowance for sacrifice or expenditure unless reasonably made or incurred.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE A<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>There is a general average act when, and only when, any extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally and reasonably made or incurred for the common safety for the purpose of preserving from peril the property involved in a common maritime adventure.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>General average sacrifices and expenditures shall be borne by the different contributing interests on the basis hereinafter provided.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE B<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>There is a common maritime adventure when one or more vessels are towing or pushing another vessel or vessels, provided that they are all involved in commercial activities and not in a salvage operation.
\nWhen measures are taken to preserve the vessels and their cargoes, if any, from a common peril, these Rules shall apply.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>A vessel is not in common peril with another vessel or vessels if by simply disconnecting from the other vessel or vessels she is in safety; but if the disconnection is itself a general average act the common maritime adventure continues.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE C<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Only such losses, damages or expenses which are the direct consequence of the general average act shall be allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>In no case shall there be any allowance in general average for losses, damages or expenses incurred in respect of damage to the environment or in consequence of the escape or release of pollutant substances from the property involved in the common maritime adventure.<\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Demurrage, loss of market, and any loss or damage sustained or expense incurred by reason of delay, whether on the voyage or subsequently, and any indirect loss whatsoever, shall not be allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

RULE D<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Rights to contribution in general average shall not be affected, though the event which gave rise to the sacrifice or expenditure may have been due to the fault of one of the parties to the adventure, but this shall not prejudice any remedies or defences which may be open against or to that party in respect of such fault.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE E<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>The onus of proof is upon the party claiming in general average to show that the loss or expense claimed is properly allowable as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>All parties claiming in general average shall give notice in writing to the average adjuster of the loss or expense in respect of which they claim contribution within 12 months of the date of the termination of the common maritime adventure.<\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Failing such notification, or if within 12 months of a request for the same any of the parties shall fail to supply evidence in support of a notified claim, or particulars of value in respect of a contributory interest, the average adjuster shall be at liberty to estimate the extent of the allowance or the contributory value on the basis of the information available to him, which estimate may be challenged only on the ground that it is manifestly incorrect.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE F<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Any additional expense incurred in place of another expense, which would have been allowable as general average shall be deemed to be general average and so allowed without regard to the saving, if any, to other interests, but only up to the amount of the general average expense avoided.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE G<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>General average shall be adjusted as regards both loss and contribution upon the basis of values at the time and place when and where the adventure ends.<\/span><\/p>\n

2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>This rule shall not affect the determination of the place at which the average statement is to be made up.<\/span><\/p>\n

3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>When a ship is at any port or place in circumstances which would give rise to an allowance in general average under the provisions of Rules X and XI, and the cargo or part thereof is forwarded to destination by other means, rights and liabilities in general average shall, subject to cargo interests being notified if practicable, remain as nearly as possible the same as they would have been in the absence of such forwarding, as if the adventure had continued in the original ship for so long as justifiable under the contract of affreightment and the applicable law.<\/span><\/p>\n

4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>The proportion attaching to cargo of the allowances made in general average by reason of applying the third paragraph of this Rule shall not exceed the cost which would have been borne by the owners of cargo if the cargo had been forwarded at their expense.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE I. JETTISON OF CARGO<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

No jettison of cargo shall be allowed as general average, unless such cargo is carried in accordance with the recognised custom of the trade.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE II. LOSS OR DAMAGE BY SACRIFICES FOR THE COMMON SAFETY<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Loss of or damage to the property involved in the common maritime adventure by or in consequence of a sacrifice made for the common safety, and by water which goes down a ship’s hatches opened or other opening made for the purpose of making a jettison for the common safety, shall be allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE III. EXTINGUISHING FIRE ON SHIPBOARD<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Damage done to a ship and cargo, or either of them, by water or otherwise, including damage by beaching or scuttling a burning ship, in extinguishing a fire on board the ship, shall be allowed as general average; except that no allowance shall be made for damage by smoke however caused or by heat of the fire.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE IV. CUTTING AWAY WRECK<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Loss or damage sustained by cutting away wreck or parts of the ship which have been previously carried away or are effectively lost by accident shall not be allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE V. VOLUNTARY STRANDING<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

When a ship is intentionally run on shore for the common safety, whether or not she might have been driven on shore, the consequent loss or damage to the property involved in the common maritime adventure shall be allowed in general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span>RULE VI. SALVAGE REMUNERATION<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

a.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Salvage payments, including interest thereon and legal fees associated with such payments, shall lie where they fall and shall not be allowed in general average, save only that if one party to the salvage shall have paid all or any of the proportion of salvage (including interest and legal fees) due from another party (calculated on the basis of salved values and not general average contributory values), the unpaid contribution to salvage due from that other party shall be credited in the adjustment to the party that has paid it, and debited to the party on whose behalf the payment was made.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

b.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Salvage payments referred to in paragraph (a) above shall include any salvage remuneration in which the skill and efforts of the salvors in preventing or minimising damage to the environment such as is referred to in Article 13 paragraph 1(b) of the International Convention on Salvage 1989 have been taken into account.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

c.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Special compensation payable to a salvor by the shipowner under Article 14 of the said Convention to the extent specified in paragraph 4 of that Article or under any other provision similar in substance (such as SCOPIC) shall not be allowed in general average and shall not be considered a salvage payment as referred to in paragraph (a) of this Rule.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

RULE VII. DAMAGE TO MACHINERY AND BOILERS<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Damage caused to any machinery and boilers of a ship which is ashore and in a position of peril, in endeavouring to refloat, shall be allowed in general average when shown to have arisen from an actual intention to float the ship for the common safety at the risk of such damage; but where a ship is afloat no loss or damage caused by working the propelling machinery and boilers shall in any circumstances be allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE VIII. EXPENSES LIGHTENING A SHIP WHEN ASHORE AND CONSEQUENT DAMAGE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

When a ship is ashore and cargo and ship’s fuel and stores or any of them are discharged as a general average act, the extra cost of lightening, lighter hire and reshipping (if incurred), and any loss or damage to the property involved in the common maritime adventure in consequence thereof, shall be allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE IX. CARGO, SHIP’S MATERIALS AND STORES USED FOR FUEL<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Cargo, ship’s materials and stores, or any of them, necessarily used for fuel for the common safety at a time of peril shall be allowed as general average, but when such an allowance is made for the cost of ship’s materials and stores the general average shall be credited with the estimated cost of the fuel which would otherwise have been consumed in prosecuting the intended voyage.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE X. EXPENSES AT PORT OF REFUGE, ETC.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

a.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

(i) When a ship shall have entered a port or place of refuge or shall have returned to her port or place of loading in consequence of accident, sacrifice or other extraordinary circumstances which render that necessary for the common safety, the expenses of entering such port or place shall be allowed as general average; and when she shall have sailed thence with her original cargo, or a part of it, the corresponding expenses of leaving such port or place consequent upon such entry or return shall likewise be allowed as general average.
\n(ii) When a ship is at any port or place of refuge and is necessarily removed to another port or place of refuge because repairs cannot be carried out in the first port or place, the provisions of this Rule shall be applied to the second port or place of refuge as if it were a port or place of refuge and the cost of such removal including temporary repairs and towage shall be allowed as general average.\u00a0The provisions of Rule XI shall be applied to the prolongation of the voyage occasioned by such removal.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

b.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

(i) The cost of handling on board or discharging cargo, fuel or stores whether at a port or place of loading, call or refuge, shall be allowed as general average, when the handling or discharge was necessary for the common safety or to enable damage to the ship caused by sacrifice or accident to be repaired, if the repairs were necessary for the safe prosecution of the voyage, except in cases where the damage to the ship is discovered at a port or place of loading or call without any accident or other extraordinary circumstances connected with such damage having taken place during the voyage.<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) The cost of handling on board or discharging cargo, fuel or stores shall not be allowable as general average when incurred solely for the purpose of restowage due to shifting during the voyage, unless such restowage is necessary for the common safety.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

c.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Whenever the cost of handling or discharging cargo, fuel or stores is allowable as general average, the costs of storage, including insurance if reasonably incurred, reloading and stowing of such cargo, fuel or stores shall likewise be allowed as general average. The provisions of Rule XI shall be applied to the extra period of detention occasioned by such reloading or restowing.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

But when the ship is condemned or does not proceed on her original voyage, storage expenses shall be allowed as general average only up to the date of the ship’s condemnation or of the abandonment of the voyage or up to the date of completion of discharge of cargo if the condemnation or abandonment takes place before that date.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE XI. WAGES AND MAINTENANCE OF CREW AND OTHER EXPENSES PUTTING IN TO AND AT A PORT OF REFUGE, ETC.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

a.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>Wages and maintenance of master, officers and crew reasonably incurred and fuel and stores consumed during the prolongation of the voyage occasioned by a ship entering a port or place of refuge or returning to her port or place of loading shall be allowed as general average when the expenses of entering such port or place are allowable as general average in accordance with Rule X(a).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>For the purpose of this and the other Rules wages shall include all payments made to or for the benefit of the master, officers and crew, whether such payments be imposed by law upon the shipowners or be made under the terms of articles of employment.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

c.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>(i) When a ship shall have entered or been detained in any port or place in consequence of accident, sacrifice or other extraordinary circumstances which render that necessary for the common safety, or to enable damage to the ship caused by sacrifice or accident to be repaired, if the repairs were necessary for the safe prosecution of the voyage, fuel and stores consumed during the extra period of detention in such port or place until the ship shall or should have been made ready to proceed upon her voyage, shall be allowed as general average, except such fuel and stores as are consumed in effecting repairs not allowable in general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

(ii) Port charges incurred during the extra period of detention shall likewise be allowed as general average except such charges as are incurred solely by reason of repairs not allowable in general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

(iii) Provided that when damage to the ship is discovered at a port or place of loading or call without any accident or other extraordinary circumstance connected with such damage having taken place during the voyage, then fuel and stores consumed and port charges incurred during the extra detention for repairs to damages so discovered shall not be allowable as general average, even if the repairs are necessary for the safe prosecution of the voyage. <\/span><\/p>\n

(iv) When the ship is condemned or does not proceed on her original voyage, fuel and stores consumed and port charges shall be allowed as general average only up to the date of the ship’s condemnation or of the abandonment of the voyage or up to the date of completion of discharge of cargo if the condemnation or abandonment takes place before that date. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

d.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>The cost of measures undertaken to prevent or minimise damage to the environment shall be allowed in general average when incurred in any or all of the following circumstances:
\n(i) as part of an operation performed for the common safety which, had it been undertaken by a party outside the common maritime adventure, would have entitled such\u00a0\u00a0party\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0to\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0salvage\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0reward;
\n(ii) as a condition of entry into or departure from any port or place in the circumstances\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0prescribed\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0in\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Rule\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0X(a);
\n(iii) as a condition of remaining at any port or place in the circumstances prescribed in Rule XI(c), provided that when there is an actual escape or release of pollutant substances the cost of any additional measures required on that account to prevent or minimise pollution or environmental damage shall not be allowed as general average;
\n(iv) necessarily in connection with the discharging, storing or reloading of cargo whenever the cost of those operations is allowable as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE XII. DAMAGE TO CARGO IN DISCHARGING, ETC.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Damage to or loss of cargo, fuel or stores sustained in consequence of their handling, discharging, storing, reloading and stowing shall be allowed as general average, when and only when the cost of those measures respectively is allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE XIII. DEDUCTIONS FROM COST OF REPAIRS<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
a.<\/span><\/td>\nRepairs to be allowed in general average shall not be subject to deductions in respect of “new for old” where old material or parts are replaced by new unless the ship is over fifteen years old in which case there shall be a deduction of one third.\u00a0The deductions shall be regulated by the age of the ship from the 31st December of the year of completion of construction to the date of the general average act, except for insulation, life and similar boats, communications and navigational apparatus and equipment, machinery and boilers for which the deductions shall be regulated by the age of the particular parts to which they apply.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b.<\/span><\/td>\nThe deductions shall be made only from the cost of the new material or parts when finished and ready to be installed in the ship. No deduction shall be made in respect of provisions, stores, anchors and chain cables. Drydock and slipway dues and costs of shifting the ship shall be allowed in full.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
c.<\/span><\/td>\nThe costs of cleaning, painting or coating of bottom shall not be allowed in general average unless the bottom has been painted or coated within the twelve months preceding the date of the general average act in which case one half of such costs shall be allowed.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

RULE XIV. TEMPORARY REPAIRS<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
a.<\/span><\/td>\nWhere temporary repairs are effected to a ship at a port of loading, call or refuge, for the common safety, or of damage caused by general average sacrifice, the cost of such repairs shall be allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

b.<\/span><\/td>\nWhere temporary repairs of accidental damage are effected in order to enable the adventure to be completed, the cost of such repairs shall be allowed as general average without regard to the saving, if any, to other interests, but only up to the saving in expense which would have been incurred and allowed in general average if such repairs had not been effected there. Provided that for the purposes of this paragraph only, the cost of temporary repairs falling for consideration shall be limited to the extent that the cost of temporary repairs effected at the port of loading, call or refuge, together with either the cost of permanent repairs eventually effected or, if unrepaired at the time of the adjustment, the reasonable depreciation in the value of the vessel at the completion of the voyage.\u00a0exceeds the cost of permanent repairs had they been effected at the port of loading, call or refuge.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

c.<\/span><\/td>\nNo deductions “new for old” shall be made from the cost of temporary repairs allowable as general average.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

RULE XV. LOSS OF FREIGHT<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Loss of freight arising from damage to or loss of cargo shall be allowed as general average, either when caused by a general average act, or when the damage to or loss of cargo is so allowed.
\nDeduction shall be made from the amount of gross freight lost, of the charges which the owner thereof would have incurred to earn such freight, but has, in consequence of the sacrifice, not incurred.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE XVI. AMOUNT TO BE ALLOWED FOR CARGO LOST OR DAMAGED BY SACRIFICE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

a.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

The amount to be allowed as general average for damage to or loss of cargo sacrificed shall be the loss which has been sustained thereby based on the value at the time of discharge, ascertained from the commercial invoice rendered to the receiver or if there is no such invoice from the shipped value.\u00a0The value at the time of discharge shall include the cost of insurance and freight except insofar as such freight is at the risk of interests other than the cargo.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

b.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

When cargo so damaged is sold and the amount of the damage has not been otherwise agreed, the loss to be allowed in general average shall be the difference between the net proceeds of sale and the net sound value as computed in the first paragraph of this Rule.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

RULE XVII. CONTRIBUTORY VALUES<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
a.<\/span><\/td>\n(i) The contribution to a general average shall be made upon the actual net values of the property at the termination of the adventure except that the value of cargo shall be the value at the time of discharge, ascertained from the commercial invoice rendered to the receiver or if there is no such invoice from the shipped value.
\n(ii) The value of the cargo shall include the cost of insurance and freight unless and insofar as such freight is at the risk of interests other than the cargo, deducting therefrom any loss or damage suffered by the cargo prior to or at the time of discharge.
\n(iii) The value of the ship shall be assessed without taking into account the beneficial or detrimental effect of any demise or time charterparty to which the ship may be committed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

b.<\/span><\/td>\nTo these values shall be added the amount allowed as general average for property sacrificed, if not already included, deduction being made from the freight and passage money at risk of such charges and crew’s wages as would not have been incurred in earning the freight had the ship and cargo been totally lost at the date of the general average act and have not been allowed as general average; deduction being also made from the value of the property of all extra charges incurred in respect thereof subsequently to the general average act, except such charges as are allowed in general average or fall upon the ship by virtue of an award for special compensation under Art.\u00a014 of the International Convention on Salvage, 1989 or under any other provision similar in substance.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

c.<\/span><\/td>\nIn the circumstances envisaged in the third paragraph of Rule G, the cargo and other property shall contribute on the basis of its value upon delivery at original destination unless sold or otherwise disposed of short of that destination, and the ship shall contribute upon its actual net value at the time of completion of discharge of cargo.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

d.<\/span><\/td>\nWhere cargo is sold short of destination, however, it shall contribute upon the actual net proceeds of sale, with the addition of any amount allowed as general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

e.<\/span><\/td>\nMails, passengers’ luggage, personal effects and accompanied private motor vehicles shall not contribute to general average.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

RULE XVIII. DAMAGE TO SHIP<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The amount to be allowed as general average for damage or loss to the ship, her machinery and\/or gear caused by a general average act shall be as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

a.\u00a0<\/span>When\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0repaired\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0or\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0replaced, The actual reasonable cost of repairing or replacing such damage or loss, subject to deductions in accordance with Rule XIII;<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

b.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>When\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0not\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0repaired\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0or\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0replaced, The reasonable depreciation arising from such damage or loss, but not exceeding the estimated cost of repairs.\u00a0But where the ship is an actual total loss or when the cost of repairs of the damage would exceed the value of the ship when repaired, the amount to be allowed as general average shall be the difference between the estimated sound value of the ship after deducting therefrom the estimated cost of repairing damage which is not general average and the value of the ship in her damaged state which may be measured by the net proceeds of sale, if any.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE XIX. UNDECLARED OR WRONGFULLY DECLARED CARGO<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
a.<\/span><\/td>\nDamage or loss caused to goods loaded without the knowledge of the shipowner or his agent or to goods wilfully misdescribed at time of shipment shall not be allowed as general average, but such goods shall remain liable to contribute, if saved.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

b.<\/span><\/td>\nDamage or loss caused to goods which have been wrongfully declared on shipment at a value which is lower than their real value shall be contributed for at the declared value, but such goods shall contribute upon their actual value.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

RULE XX. PROVISION OF FUNDS<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
a.<\/span><\/td>\nThe capital loss sustained by the owners of goods sold for the purpose of raising funds to defray general average disbursements shall be allowed in general average.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

b.<\/span><\/td>\nThe cost of insuring average disbursements shall also be allowed in general average.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

RULE XXI. INTEREST ON LOSSES ALLOWED IN GENERAL AVERAGE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n
\n

a.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Interest shall be allowed on expenditure, sacrifices and allowances in general average until three months after the date of issue of the general average adjustment, due allowance being made for any payment on account by the contributory interests or from the general average deposit fund.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

b.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

Each year the Assembly of the Comit\u00e9 Maritime International shall decide the rate of interest which shall apply. This rate shall be used for calculating interest accruing during the following calendar year.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

RULE XXII. TREATMENT OF CASH DEPOSITS<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Where cash deposits have been collected in respect of cargo’s liability for general average, salvage or special charges such deposits shall be paid without any delay into a special account in the joint names of a representative nominated on behalf of the shipowner and a representative nominated on behalf of the depositors in a bank to be approved by both. The sum so deposited together with accrued interest, if any, shall be held as security for payment to the parties entitled thereto of the general average, salvage or special charges payable by cargo in respect of which the deposits have been collected. Payments on account or refunds of deposits may be made if certified to in writing by the average adjuster. Such deposits and payments or refunds shall be without prejudice to the ultimate liability of the parties.<\/span><\/p>\n

RULE XXIII. TIME BAR FOR CONTRIBUTIONS TO GENERAL AVERAGE<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

a.Subject always to any mandatory rule on time limitation contained in any applicable law:<\/span><\/p>\n


\n(i) Any rights to general average contribution, including any rights to claim under general average bonds and guarantees, shall be extinguished unless an action is brought by the party claiming such contribution within a period of one year after the date upon which the general average adjustment was issued. However, in no case shall such an action be brought after six years from the date of the termination of the common maritimeadventure.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(ii) These periods may be extended if the parties so agree after the termination of the common maritime adventure.<\/span><\/p>\n

This Rule shall not apply as between the parties to the general average and their respective insurers<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

M\u00fc\u015fterek avarya payla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Kurallar, kendileriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmayan mevzuat ve uygulama dikkate al\u0131nmaks\u0131z\u0131n uygulanacakt\u0131r. \u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-mevzuat-haberleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6514","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6514"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6514\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6515,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6514\/revisions\/6515"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.alohaber.net\/wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}